01 -
Combine masa harina, chicken bouillon powder (if using), and salt in a large bowl. Gradually pour in hot water, mixing until a pliable dough forms. Incorporate softened butter thoroughly. Knead for 2 to 3 minutes until smooth and elastic, adding a small amount of water if the dough feels dry.
02 -
Divide the dough into twelve equal portions approximately the size of golf balls. Cover dough balls with a damp cloth to prevent drying while working.
03 -
Flatten a dough ball in the palm to form a thick disk. Place about 15 grams of cheese or refried beans in the center. Carefully fold the edges over the filling to seal it inside, then gently flatten again to a diameter of roughly 7.5 centimeters. Repeat with remaining portions.
04 -
Heat a small amount of neutral oil in a griddle or heavy skillet over medium heat until shimmering. Cook pupusas in batches, approximately 3 minutes per side, pressing gently until golden brown spots appear and cheese begins to melt. Keep cooked pupusas warm in a covered dish while finishing remaining portions.